Reciprocating piston



Feb. 18, 1930. L. K. BRAREN RECIPROGATING PISTON Filed .May 24, 1928 N N um milf rammed Fea 1s, 1930 .UNITED 4STATES PATENT jor-'Fica- LORENZ KONRAD BRAREN, OIF MUNICH, GERMANY; ASSIGNOR TO TEE FIRM FRIED- t withoutcausingundue frictional losses andy.

MANY

RICH DECKEL, PRZISIANSMEGHANIK'UND MASGHINENBAU, OF MU'NIGH, GEB'- nncrrnocnrma risroN Application 1ed' May 24, 1928, Serial No. 280,285, and Germany January .21, 1927.

vThisinvention relates to reciprocating pis-A tons and refers especially tol hydraulic engines working at high pressures. Theob- ]ect-ofmy 1nvention is'to provide means for minimizlng the hydraulic losses (leakage) strain on the moving parts'e'ven in case of .imperfect alignment.

In order to obtain this object I provide a' sliding t .for the reciprocating parts, ar-

l range one of these .parts with radial movement and insert an elastic member for clos- `ing the aperture. l furthermore, provide-a n twopoint suspension ofthe piston-rod with ,free adjustability at the other points'.A

Y The above and various other lmprovements l Vwill be hereinafter fully described' and claimed. In order that this my invention may be more readily understood reference is made to theaccompanying sheet of drawings which show how the invention. may becarf ried l into practical effect.

- Fig.' lshows an hydraulic 4piston with rodv 2-5 and drive artly-in-section, and"v A .Fig..2s owsthe piston itself on anuenlarged scale.

^ A piston rod 3 is connected to a pin 9 of a crossA head 2 reciprocatin on a slide 1. A

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' drau s ments wellknown of no special interest' in Aconnecting rod t is linke vto the same pin 9 a0 and transmits the load to or from the piston yrod 3 the flow ofthe load depending whether isto'n is part of Aa pump or of an hy-y Ilic motor. The construction of the fur-` ther transmitting mechanism as crank pin etc. has not been shown as these are elelconnection with this invention.

Thepiston rod `3 passes with a sliding fit through a .boreo' a ball 5 which islOcat'ed' turnably in twoL correspondin` "sockets 6 and An elastic member 8' or instance a U-shaped'rin of leather prevents. the passage of liqui' between the ball 5 and the l socket-7; The slidingt of the rod 3 in the bore of the ball 5.y is such as to prevent any "undue leakage. For this urpose' both parts have highly polished sur aces and fit rather closely.

The pistonrod'in manneris sus ended at one endv on the .pin 9 and on theot er on the ball-5. VThus smallinaccuracies of the slide 1 in relationto the cylinder do not harm.` This is of special importance with an hydraulic gear for nonstationaryl engines for instance locomotives where it is diilicultl te maintain perfect alignment. The frictional losses in the elastic member 8 are negligible as the .movement between the ball 5 and the socket 7 is extremely small.

fThe 'plston 10 is tted in similar manner with a close sliding t into thebore 11 of the cylinder and is heldy axially between a shoulderv 12 'ofthe piston rod 3 and a ,nut 13 screwed ontoI the'rodv 3. Suilicient radial y'play i's provided between the piston and the of the cylinder. YThe bore in this bushing is somewhat larger than the diameter of the piston ro'd. The faceof the bushing 16 and of the bushing 18 may be finished to a radius struck from the center. of' the ball 5 in order to permit of an absolutely correct adjustment .of-the bushing 16., For a long radius however this is hardly necessary because in such a case a spherical face approximates closely a plane.

Any liquid leaking 4 through on either end is conducted away by recesses 19 and 20 which communicate with the spaces around the pist' ton rod in back of the bushings 5 and 16 by passages 21and 22. The recesses 19 and 20 are connected to the suction chamber in a manner not further shown. In'order to yprevent anyof this leakage being drawn to the outside by the reciprocating piston rod two bushings 25 and 26 ttingover the rod with4 packing members 23A rand 24am provided of. similar construction as' described previously.

Passages 27 and 28 on both endsof the 'cylin- '.95 der conduct the' liquid to or from the cylin.

der." The valves and the valve gea'ring'being struction and have therefore not been hown.

lnot part of this invention are Aoffusual con.

I do not Wish to be understood as limiting myself -to the exact details of construction as obviously many modifications will occur to a person skilled in the art.

What I claim is: 'i 1. In combination with a cylinder, a piston sliding therein, a piston rod projecting` through said piston, means slidably supporting the rod for movement within the cylinder, means connecting said piston 'rod to said piston for axial movement within the cylinder, and elastic packing located between said piston and said connecting means and serving to space the rod from the surrounding wall of the piston.

2. In combination with a'cylinder, a piston sliding therein, a piston rod, the bore in said piston being4 of larger diameter than the diameter of said piston rod, shoulders on said piston rod for connecting said iston in an axial direction to said `piston rod), said shoulders permitting a relative radial movement of the rod, and elastic packing means interposed between said shoulders and piston for preventing leakage between said piston and piston rod. v

3. In c ombinat1on with a cylinder, a piston' reciprocating therein, a piston rod connected axially to said piston, a guide member for.

said piston rod having a relatively close lit with the rod, means for holding said guide member against axial movement while permitting a slight radial movement thereo:f' and elastic packing Imeans for preventing the" escape of fluid from the cylinder thrugh saidl guide member.

4. In combination with a cylinder, a doug, ble acting piston, a'piston rod in radially:-

floating connection with said piston, a uide,

a member pivoted to said piston ro and mounted to slide on the guide approximately parallel to the bore -of said cylinder,a stuffing box located between said piston and said sliding member, said stuiing box being arranged stationary in an axial direction but with radial movementand a second stuing box on the further side 'of said piston, said second stuiiing box being held stationary but free to accommodate itself to slight inclinations in the position of said piston rod. j l

. 5. In combination with a cylinder, a double acting piston, al piston rod in radially floating connection with said piston, a ball shaped member having a bore in which the rod is slidably mounted with a relatively Y close fit, a socket for holding said ball shaped tate, and an elastic packing for preventingl leakage between said ball shaped member and said socket.

6. In a device of the class described, a sleeve-like piston, a piston rod projecting through the piston and having annular shoulders adj aent the ends 'of the sleeve, and ilexible packing rings interposed between said shoulders andthe end portions of thesleeve to seal thejoints therebetween, the portion.

.packing means associated with said elements for preventing leakage through the piston.

. 8. In apparatus of the class described, a cylinder, a piston sleeve operable therein, a

piston rod projecting through said sleeve and adapted tohave a slight movement radially within the sleeve, said rod having shoulders thereon adjacent the ends of the sleeve and sealing elements interposed between said A shoulders and parts of said sleeve to preventleakage through the iston.'

9. Inapparatus o the class described, a cylinder', a sleevelike piston operable therein, a piston rod projecting through .the sleeve with .suliicientspace therebetweento `permit of a slight radial movement of therod withloo` in the'piston, elastic packing rings substanj tially U-shaped in cross section interposed between the rod and the ends of the sleeve and means on the rod for holding the packing rings in engagement with the sleeve.

-and separate packing rings interposed between said sleeve endsand said shouldersl .serving to form substantially leak proof joints between said shoulders and sleeve ends, and guiding means for the rod located'at one end of the cylinder and designed to permit 'o' a slight radialmovement of the rodiduring reciprocation thereof.

' 11. In apparatus of the class described,v4 a

cylinder, a piston sleeve operable within the cylinder, a piston rod projecting through the sleeve, the portion of the rod lying within the sleeve-having a smaller diameter than the inside diameter of the sleeve, shoulders -formed on said rod between which the extremities of the sleeve terminate, and annularr rings fitted between the ends of the sleeve and through the frodfpermitting the latter to/have a vslight radial movement within the cylinder, a ball shaped guide adjacent one end of the cylinder through which the rod projects, a socket in '15 which said ball shaped guide is free to move radially, and'sealing means lsurrounding' the rod adjacent the ball and socket for preventing leakage from the cylinder.

13. In a device of the' class described, a cylinder, a pistontherein, an operating rod within the cylinder extending on opposite sides of the piston, guiding elements for the rod adjacent the endslof the cylinder'cham- Vbei` free to move relative thereto in a direction to permit of a slight radial movement of the rod within the cylinder, packing interposed between each of said elements and the walls of the cylinder, a holding member for each ofsaid elements, said holding members surrounding the rod, and packing interposed between each of said members and said rod to form liuid tight joints between the *MM* llnveas'light radial movement therein.

15. In combination, a cylinder, a double acting piston therein, oppositely extending rod portions connected with the piston and 4arranged to move radially withgaspect'tf the axis thereof, stuing boxes adjacent the ends of the cylinder in which said rod portions are arranged to slide, a reciprocally mounted crosshead connected with one of said rod portions and guideimeans for said ders and said bearing portions, said rings being movable relative to the piston to permit of a slight radial movement .of said operating member during reciprocation of the piston. l

v In testimonyfwhereof I hereunto aliix my signature.

LORENZ KONRAD BRAREN.

rod portions arranged to permit of a slight axial movement of the rod during reciprocation of the crosshead. v

16. In a device of the class described, a

sleeve-like piston arranged for operation within af'cylinder, said piston having spaced bearing portions thereon, an operating member" forthe piston extending therethrough and arranged for a slight radial movement relative to the axis thereof, said member having spaced annular shoulders thereon, and flexible rings interposed between said shoul- 

